๐ ูุฑุงุกุฉ ูุตุฉ The Old Man and the Sea ุฃูููุงูู
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ุงูุชุจุงุณุงุช ู ู ูุตุฉ The Old Man and the Sea
ูุฐุง ุงููุณู ูุญุชูู ุนูู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู ู ุงููุตุต ูุงูุฑูุงูุงุช ุจุงููุบุฉ ุงูุฅูุฌููุฒูุฉ
(Stories and novels) ุงููุตุต ูุงูุฑูุงูุงุช
ุงูุฑูุงูุฉ ูู ุณุฑุฏ ูุซุฑู ุทููู ูุตู ุดุฎุตูุงุช ุฎูุงููุฉ ุฃู ูุงูุนูุฉ ูุฃุญุฏุงุซุงู ุนูู ุดูู ูุตุฉ ู
ุชุณูุณูุฉุ ูู
ุง ุฃููุง ุฃูุจุฑ ุงูุฃุฌูุงุณ ุงููุตุตูุฉ ู
ู ุญูุซ ุงูุญุฌู
ูุชุนุฏุฏ ุงูุดุฎุตูุงุช ูุชููุน ุงูุฃุญุฏุงุซุ ููุฏ ุธูุฑุช ูู ุฃูุฑูุจุง ุจูุตููุง ุฌูุณุงู ุฃุฏุจูุงู ู
ุคุซุฑุงู ูู ุงููุฑู ุงูุซุงู
ู ุนุดุฑุ ูุงูุฑูุงูุฉ ุญูุงูุฉ ุชุนุชู
ุฏ ุงูุณุฑุฏ ุจู
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ู ูุตู ูุญูุงุฑ ูุตุฑุงุน ุจูู ุงูุดุฎุตูุงุช ูู
ุง ููุทูู ุนููู ุฐูู ู
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ูุฌุฏู ูุชุบุฐูู ุงูุฃุญุฏุงุซ
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally written in prose form, and which is typically published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian novella for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itself from the Latin novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". Walter Scott made a distinction between the novel, in which (as he saw it) "events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society" and the romance, which he defined as "a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents". However, many such romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a "kindred term". This sort of romance is in turn different from the genre fiction love romance or romance novel
A short story is a piece of prose fiction that typically can be read in one sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a "single effect" or mood.
A dictionary definition is "an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot."
The short story is a crafted form in its own right. Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components as in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel or novella (a shorter novel), authors generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.
The Old Man and the Sea
was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone
eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him.
But after forty days without a fish the boy’s parents had told him that the old man was
now definitely and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone
at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the
boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went
down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and harpoon and the sail that
was furled around the mast. The sail was patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked
like the flag of permanent defeat.
The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The
brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the
tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his
hands had the deep-creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. But none of
these scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert.
Plot summary
The Old Man and the Sea tells the story of a battle between an aging, experienced fisherman, Santiago, and a large marlin. The story opens with Santiago having gone 84 days without catching a fish, and now being seen as "salao", the worst form of unluckiness. He is so unlucky that his young apprentice, Manolin, has been forbidden by his parents to sail with him and has been told instead to fish with successful fishermen. The boy visits Santiago's shack each night, hauling his fishing gear, preparing food, talking about American baseball and his favorite player, Joe DiMaggio. Santiago tells Manolin that on the next day, he will venture far out into the Gulf Stream, north of Cuba in the Straits of Florida to fish, confident that his unlucky streak is near its end.
On the eighty-fifth day of his unlucky streak, Santiago takes his skiff into the Gulf Stream, sets his lines and by noon, has his bait taken by a big fish that he is sure is a marlin. Unable to haul in the great marlin, Santiago is instead pulled by the marlin, and two days and nights pass with Santiago holding onto the line. Though wounded by the struggle and in pain, Santiago expresses a compassionate appreciation for his adversary, often referring to him as a brother. He also determines that, because of the fish's great dignity, no one shall deserve to eat the marlin.
On the third day, the fish begins to circle the skiff. Santiago, worn out and almost delirious, uses all his remaining strength to pull the fish onto its side and stab the marlin with a harpoon. Santiago straps the marlin to the side of his skiff and heads home, thinking about the high price the fish will bring him at the market and how many people he will feed.
On his way in to shore, sharks are attracted to the marlin's blood. Santiago kills a great mako shark with his harpoon, but he loses the weapon. He makes a new harpoon by strapping his knife to the end of an oar to help ward off the next line of sharks; five sharks are slain and many others are driven away. But the sharks keep coming, and by nightfall the sharks have almost devoured the marlin's entire carcass, leaving a skeleton consisting mostly of its backbone, its tail, and its head. Santiago knows that he is defeated and tells the sharks of how they have killed his dreams. Upon reaching the shore before dawn on the next day, Santiago struggles to his shack, carrying the heavy mast on his shoulder, leaving the fish head and the bones on the shore. Once home, he slumps onto his bed and falls into a deep sleep.
A group of fishermen gather the next day around the boat where the fish's skeleton is still attached. One of the fishermen measures it to be 18 feet (5.5 m) from nose to tail. Pedrico is given the head of the fish, and the other fishermen tell Manolin to tell the old man how sorry they are. Tourists at the nearby café mistakenly take it for a shark. The boy, worried about the old man, cries upon finding him safe asleep and at his injured hands. Manolin brings him newspapers and coffee. When the old man wakes, they promise to fish together once again. Upon his return to sleep, Santiago dreams of his youth—of lions on an African beach.
The Old Man and the Sea
Introduction general :
This novel is considered one of the best novels for the reader, and he will enjoy it and dive into the depths of its interesting events
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๐ ุดุฑุงุก " The Old Man and the Sea " ู
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