❞ كتاب Functional Genomics Methods and Protocols-Humana Press ❝ ⏤ Michael J. Brownstein Arkady B. Khodursky

Dramatic technological advances have marked every quantum leap in our
understanding of biological systems. Advances in manipulating and sequencing DNA triggered the last such leap. More than 20 years ago this technology
began finding its way into biology laboratories, and multiple landmark discoveries have followed, including the sequencing of the genomes of several
prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. This, in turn, spawned a new interest in
bioinformatics, structural biology, and high-throughput methods that would
allow scientists to look at the response of the entire genome to physiological,
pharmacological, and pathological changes. Whether this transition was driven
by exhaustion of the existing hypothesis pool, a subconscious adoption of the
old “new paradigm” of biological complexity, or an instinctual urge among
biologists to look for new and interesting phenomena is not really important.
What is important is that high-throughput methods are becoming more and
more routine and available, and experimentalists and theoreticians must be prepared to take advantage of them. Spotted DNA microarrays fall into this category. They power functional genomics, a nascent research field dealing with
the structure and activity of genomes and global relationships between genotype and phenotype. The birth of the field can be traced back to three seminal
papers (2,3,12). These three works grew from the realization that by placing
individual sequence elements on a solid surface one can probe by hybridization a nearly unlimited number of targets simultaneously. Since then, similar
ad infinitum approaches have been used to monitor relative protein levels (6),
protein functions (15), cellular activities (16), and molecular interactions (10).
These breakthrough studies will set the stage for the development of the fields
of functional proteomics, metabolomics, etc. However, at the moment only
functional genomic techniques on solid surfaces enjoy relatively wide acceptance because they are based on sounder physical-chemical principles.
Michael J. Brownstein
Arkady B. Khodursky - ❰ له مجموعة من الإنجازات والمؤلفات أبرزها ❞ Functional Genomics Methods and Protocols-Humana Press ❝ ❱
من كتب الطب البشري - مكتبة كتب الطب.