❞ رواية Adam Bede ❝ ⏤ George Eliot

هذا القسم يحتوي علي العديد من القصص والروايات باللغة الإنجليزية

(Stories and novels) القصص والروايات
الرواية هي سرد نثري طويل يصف شخصيات خيالية أو واقعية وأحداثاً على شكل قصة متسلسلة، كما أنها أكبر الأجناس القصصية من حيث الحجم وتعدد الشخصيات وتنوع الأحداث، وقد ظهرت في أوروبا بوصفها جنساً أدبياً مؤثراً في القرن الثامن عشر، والرواية حكاية تعتمد السرد بما فيه من وصف وحوار وصراع بين الشخصيات وما ينطوي عليه ذلك من تأزم وجدل وتغذيه الأحداث
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally written in prose form, and which is typically published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian novella for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itself from the Latin novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". Walter Scott made a distinction between the novel, in which (as he saw it) "events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society" and the romance, which he defined as "a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents". However, many such romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a "kindred term". This sort of romance is in turn different from the genre fiction love romance or romance novel
A short story is a piece of prose fiction that typically can be read in one sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a "single effect" or mood.

A dictionary definition is "an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot."

The short story is a crafted form in its own right. Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components as in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel or novella (a shorter novel), authors generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.

Adam Bede    

With a single drop of ink for a mirror, the Egyptian sorcerer undertakes to
reveal to any chance comer far-reaching visions of the past. This is what I
undertake to do for you, reader. With this drop of ink at the end of my pen, I
will show you the roomy workshop of Mr. Jonathan Burge, carpenter and
builder, in the village of Hayslope, as it appeared on the eighteenth of June, in
the year of our Lord 1799.
The afternoon sun was warm on the five workmen there, busy upon doors and
window-frames and wainscoting. A scent of pine-wood from a tentlike pile of
planks outside the open door mingled itself with the scent of the elder-bushes
which were spreading their summer snow close to the open window opposite;
the slanting sunbeams shone through the transparent shavings that flew before
the steady plane, and lit up the fine grain of the oak panelling which stood
propped against the wall. On a heap of those soft shavings a rough, grey
shepherd dog had made himself a pleasant bed, and was lying with his nose
between his fore-paws, occasionally wrinkling his brows to cast a glance at the
tallest of the five workmen, who was carving a shield in the centre of a
wooden mantelpiece. It was to this workman that the strong barytone belonged
which was heard above the sound of plane and hammer singing—
Awake, my soul, and with the sun
Thy daily stage of duty run;
Shake off dull sloth...
Here some measurement was to be taken which required more concentrated
attention, and the sonorous voice subsided into a low whistle; but it presently
broke out again with renewed vigour—
Let all thy converse be sincere,
Thy conscience as the noonday clear.
Such a voice could only come from a broad chest, and the broad chest
belonged to a large-boned, muscular man nearly six feet high, with a back so
flat and a head so well poised that when he drew himself up to take a more
distant survey of his work, he had the air of a soldier standing at ease. The
sleeve rolled up above the elbow showed an arm that was likely to win the
prize for feats of strength; yet the long supple hand, with its broad finger-tips,
looked ready for works of skill. In his tall stalwartness Adam Bede was a
Saxon, and justified his name; but the jet-black hair, made the more noticeable
by its contrast with the light paper cap, and the keen glance of the dark eyes
that shone from under strongly marked, prominent and mobile eyebrows,
indicated a mixture of Celtic blood. The face was large and roughly hewn, and
when in repose had no other beauty than such as belongs to an expression of
good-humoured honest intelligence.

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